Topical ReviewNo Access

SEVEN TOPICS IN FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING

PETER A. BANDETTINI

Functional MRI Facility & Section on Functional Imaging Methods, National Institute of Mental Health, Rm 1D80b, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD 20817, USA

Search for more papers by this author

https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219635209002186Cited by:19

Abstract

Functional MRI (fMRI) is a non-invasive brain imaging methodology that started in 1991 and allows human brain activation to be imaged at high resolution within only a few minutes. Because it has extremely high sensitivity, is relatively easy to implement, and can be performed on most standard clinical MRI scanners. It continues to grow at an explosive rate throughout the world. Over the years, at any given time, fMRI has been defined by only a handful of major topics that have been the focus of researchers using and developing the methodology. In this review, I attempt to take a snapshot of the field of fMRI as it is in mid-2009 by discussing the seven topics that I feel are most on the minds of fMRI researchers. The topics are, in no particular order or grouping: (1) Clinical impact, (2) Utilization of individual functional maps, (3) fMRI signal interpretation, (4) Pattern effect mapping and decoding, (5) Endogenous oscillations, (6) MRI technology, and (7) Alternative functional contrast mechanisms. Most of these topics are highly interdependent, each advancing as the others advance. While most fMRI involves applications towards clinical or neuroscience questions, all applications are fundamentally dependent on advances in basic methodology as well as advances in our understanding of the relationship between neuronal activity and fMRI signal changes. This review neglects almost completely an in-depth discussion of applications. Rather the discussions are on the methods and interpretation.

References

G. K. Aguirreet al., NeuroImage 15, 488 (2002), DOI: 10.1006/nimg.2001.0990. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
B. M. Anceset al., NeuroImage 39, 1510 (2008), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.11.015. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
M. N. Balikiet al., J. Neurosci. 28, 1398 (2008), DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4123-07.2008. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
P. A. Bandettini, N. Petridou and J. Bodurka, Appl. Magn. Reson. 29, 65 (2005), DOI: 10.1007/BF03166956. Crossref, ISI, Google Scholar
P. A. Bandettini and E. C. Wong, NMR. Biomed. 10, 197 (1997). Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
P. A. Bandettini and E. C. Wong, Neurosurg. Clin. North. Am. 8, 345 (1997). Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
P. A. Bandettiniet al., Magn. Reson. Med. 25, 390 (1992), DOI: 10.1002/mrm.1910250220. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
M. Bianciardiet al., Magn. Reson. Imag. (2009). Google Scholar
R. M. Birn, K. Murphy and P. A. Bandettini, Human. Brain. Map. 29, 740 (2008), DOI: 10.1002/hbm.20577. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
R. M. Birnet al., NeuroImage 40, 644 (2008), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.11.059. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
B. Biswalet al., Magn. Reson. Med. 34, 537 (1995), DOI: 10.1002/mrm.1910340409. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
A. M. Blamireet al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 89, 11069 (1992), DOI: 10.1073/pnas.89.22.11069. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
M. Bolyet al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 104, 12187 (2007), DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0611404104. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
M. Bolyet al., Human. Brain. Map. 29, 868 (2008), DOI: 10.1002/hbm.20602. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
S. J. Broydet al., Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 33, 279 (2009), DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2008.09.002. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
R. B. Buxton, NeuroImage 13, 953 (2001), DOI: 10.1006/nimg.2001.0814. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
V. D. Calhoun, K. A. Kiehl and G. D. Pearlson, Human Brain Map 29, 828 (2008), DOI: 10.1002/hbm.20581. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
V. D. Calhounet al., Human Brain Map 29, 1265 (2008), DOI: 10.1002/hbm.20463. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
T. A. Carlson, P. Schrater and S. He, J. Cogn. Neurosci. 15, 704 (2003), DOI: 10.1162/jocn.2003.15.5.704. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
P. A. Chiarelliet al., NeuroImage 37, 808 (2007), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.05.033. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
K. H. Chuanget al., NeuroImage 40, 1595 (2008), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.01.006. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
A. L. Cohenet al., NeuroImage 41, 45 (2008), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.01.066. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
D. D. Cox and R. L. Savoy, NeuroImage 19, 261 (2003), DOI: 10.1016/S1053-8119(03)00049-1. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
S. C. Crameret al., Neurol. Res. 25, 811 (2003), DOI: 10.1179/016164103771953899. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
S. C. Crameret al., Stroke 38, 2108 (2007), DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.485631. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
J. S. Damoiseauxet al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 103, 13848 (2006), DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0601417103. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
C. Davatzikoset al., NeuroImage 28, 663 (2005), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.08.009. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
T. L. Daviset al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 95, 1834 (1998), DOI: 10.1073/pnas.95.4.1834. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
J. C. de Muncket al., NeuroImage 47, 69 (2009), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.04.029. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
J. C. de Muncket al., NeuroImage 35, 1142 (2007). Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
J. C. de Muncket al., NeuroImage 42, 112 (2008). Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
R. C. deCharms, Trends. Cogn. Sci. 11, 473 (2007), DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2007.08.014. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
R. C. DeCharmset al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 102, 18626 (2005), DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0505210102. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
J. A. Detreet al., Magn. Reson. Med. 23, 37 (1992), DOI: 10.1002/mrm.1910230106. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
A. Devoret al., J. Neurosci. 27, 4452 (2007), DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0134-07.2007. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
R. P. Dhondet al., Pain 136, 407 (2008), DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2008.01.011. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
K. M. Donahueet al., J. Magn. Reson. Imag. 8, 1106 (1998), DOI: 10.1002/jmri.1880080516. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
E. P. Duffet al., Human Brain Map 29, 778 (2008), DOI: 10.1002/hbm.20601. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
R. O. Duncan and G. M. Boynton, Neuron 38, 659 (2003), DOI: 10.1016/S0896-6273(03)00265-4. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
J. H. Duynet al., NMR. Biomed. 7, 83 (1994), DOI: 10.1002/nbm.1940070113. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
J. H. Duynet al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 104, 11796 (2007), DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0610821104. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
E. Egeret al., J. Cogn. Neurosci. 20, 356 (2008), DOI: 10.1162/jocn.2008.20019. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
F. Espositoet al., Magn. Reson. Imag. 26, 905 (2008), DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2008.01.045. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
M. D. Foxet al., Neuron 56, 171 (2007), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2007.08.023. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
J. Frahmet al., NeuroImage 40, 473 (2008), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.12.005. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
J. Frahmet al., NMR. Biomed. 7, 45 (1994), DOI: 10.1002/nbm.1940070108. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
C. H. Y. Fuet al., Biol. Psych. 63, 656 (2008). Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
J. S. Gatiet al., Magn. Reson. Med. 38, 296 (1997), DOI: 10.1002/mrm.1910380220. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
G. H. Gloveret al., Magn. Reson. Med. 35, 299 (1996). Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
M. D. Greiciuset al., Biol. Psych. 62, 429 (2007). Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
M. D. Greiciuset al., Human Brain Map 29, 839 (2008), DOI: 10.1002/hbm.20537. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
M. D. Greiciuset al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 100, 253 (2003), DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0135058100. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
M. Hankeet al., Neuroinformatics 7, 37 (2009), DOI: 10.1007/s12021-008-9041-y. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
S. J. Hanson and Y. O. Halchenko, Neural. Comput. 20, 486 (2008), DOI: 10.1162/neco.2007.09-06-340. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
S. J. Hanson, T. Matsuka and J. V. Haxby, NeuroImage 23, 156 (2004), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.05.020. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
J. D. Haynes and G. Rees, Curr. Biol. 15, 1301 (2005), DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2005.06.026. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
J. D. Hayneset al., Curr. Biol. 17, 323 (2007), DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2006.11.072. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
J. Hennig, K. Zhong and O. Speck, NeuroImage 34, 212 (2007), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.08.036. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
R. D. Hogeet al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 96, 9403 (1999), DOI: 10.1073/pnas.96.16.9403. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
R. D. Hogeet al., NeuroImage 9, 573 (1999), DOI: 10.1006/nimg.1999.0443. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
R. D. Hogeet al., NeuroImage 25, 701 (2005), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.12.032. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
S. G. Horovitzet al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 106, 11376 (2009), DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0901435106. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
S. G. Horovitzet al., Human Brain Map 29, 671 (2008), DOI: 10.1002/hbm.20428. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
X. P. Hu, T. H. Le and K. Ugurbil, Magn. Reson. Med. 37, 877 (1997), DOI: 10.1002/mrm.1910370612. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
R. A. Joneset al., Magn. Reson. Med. 40, 112 (1998), DOI: 10.1002/mrm.1910400116. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
K. N. Kayet al., Nature 452, 352 (2008), DOI: 10.1038/nature06713. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
I. Kida, D. L. Rothman and F. Hyder, J. Cerebral. Blood. Flow. Metab. 27, 690 (2007). Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
N. Kriegeskorte and P. Bandettini, NeuroImage 38, 649 (2007), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.02.022. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
N. Kriegeskorte and P. Bandettini, NeuroImage 38, 666 (2007), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.06.030. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
N. Kriegeskorte, J. Bodurka and P. Bandettini, Int. J. Imaging. Syst. Technol. 18, 345 (2008), DOI: 10.1002/ima.20166. Crossref, ISI, Google Scholar
N. Kriegeskorteet al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 104, 20600 (2007), DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0705654104. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
N. Kriegeskorte, R. Goebel and P. Bandettini, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 103, 3863 (2006), DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0600244103. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
K. K. Kwonget al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 89, 5675 (1992), DOI: 10.1073/pnas.89.12.5675. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
S. M. LaConte, S. J. Peltier and X. P. Hu, Human Brain Map 28, 1033 (2007), DOI: 10.1002/hbm.20326. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
H. Laufs, Human Brain Map 29, 762 (2008), DOI: 10.1002/hbm.20600. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
H. Laufset al., NeuroImage 40, 515 (2008), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.11.039. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
D. Le Bihanet al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 103, 8263 (2006), DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0600644103. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
J. H. Leeet al., Neurosci. Lett. 450, 1 (2009), DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2008.11.024. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
F. H. Linet al., NeuroImage 42, 230 (2008), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.04.179. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
M. A. Lindquistet al., J. Magn. Res. 191, 100 (2008), DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2007.12.016. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
W. C. Liuet al., Brain. Res. 1223, 42 (2008), DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2008.05.054. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
Y. Liuet al., Brain 131, 945 (2008), DOI: 10.1093/brain/awn018. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
Y. Liuet al., Neuropsychologia 46, 1648 (2008), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2008.01.027. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
N. K. Logothetis, Nature. Neurosci. 10, 1230 (2007), DOI: 10.1038/nn1007-1230. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
N. K. Logothetis, Nature 453, 869 (2008), DOI: 10.1038/nature06976. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
N. K. Logothetiset al., Nature 412, 150 (2001), DOI: 10.1038/35084005. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
M. J. Loweet al., Human Brain Map 29, 818 (2008), DOI: 10.1002/hbm.20576. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
H. Luet al., Magn. Reson. Med. 50, 263 (2003), DOI: 10.1002/mrm.10519. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
H. Luet al., J. Cerebral. Blood. Flow. Metab. 24, 764 (2004). Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
H. Luet al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 104, 18265 (2007), DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0705791104. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
W. M. Luhet al., Magn. Reson. Med. 44, 137 (2000). Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
W. M. Luhet al., Magn. Reson. Med. 44, 137 (2000). Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
S. Luiet al., J. Magn. Reson. Imag. 27, 1214 (2008), DOI: 10.1002/jmri.21370. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
B. J. MacIntoshet al., Human Brain Map 28, 835 (2007), DOI: 10.1002/hbm.20308. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
P. M. Matthews, G. D. Honey and E. T. Bullmore, Nature. Rev. Neurosci. 7, 732 (2006), DOI: 10.1038/nrn1929. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
K. A. McKiernanet al., NeuroImage 29, 1185 (2006), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.09.030. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
K. A. McKiernanet al., J. Cogn. Neurosci. 15, 394 (2003), DOI: 10.1162/089892903321593117. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
R. S. Menonet al., Magn. Reson. Med. 30, 380 (1993), DOI: 10.1002/mrm.1910300317. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
M. B. Milleret al., NeuroImage (2009). Google Scholar
J. P. Mitchell, C. N. Macrae and M. R. Banaji, J. Neurosci. 24, 4912 (2004), DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0481-04.2004. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
T. M. Mitchellet al., Machine Learning 57, 145 (2004), DOI: 10.1023/B:MACH.0000035475.85309.1b. Crossref, ISI, Google Scholar
T. M. Mitchellet al., Science 320, 1191 (2008), DOI: 10.1126/science.1152876. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
J. Mourao-Mirandaet al., J. Cogn. Neurosci. 21, 890 (2009), DOI: 10.1162/jocn.2009.21078. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
S. Munket al., Magnetisk resonans-skanning til prækirurgisk kortlægning af sprogfunktion 169, 3571 (2007). Google Scholar
M. Mur, P. A. Bandettini and N. Kriegeskorte, Soc. Cogn. Affective. Neurosci. 4, 101 (2009), DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsn044. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
K. Murphy, J. Bodurka and P. A. Bandettini, NeuroImage 34, 565 (2007), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.09.032. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
S. D. Muthukumaraswamyet al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 106, 8356 (2009), DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0900728106. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
S. D. Muthukumaraswamy and K. D. Singh, NeuroImage 40, 1552 (2008), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.01.052. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
G. Northoffet al., Nature. Neurosci. 10, 1515 (2007), DOI: 10.1038/nn2001. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
A. J. O'Tooleet al., J. Cogn. Neurosci. 17, 580 (2005), DOI: 10.1162/0898929053467550. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
A. J. O'Tooleet al., J. Cogn. Neurosci. 19, 1735 (2007), DOI: 10.1162/jocn.2007.19.11.1735. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
S. Ogawaet al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 89, 5951 (1992), DOI: 10.1073/pnas.89.13.5951. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
S. Olbrichet al., NeuroImage 45, 319 (2009), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.11.014. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
A. M. Owen and M. R. Coleman, Nature. Rev. Neurosci. 9, 235 (2008), DOI: 10.1038/nrn2330. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
J. Patterson, P. Bandettini and L. Ungerleider, NeuroImage 11, (2000), DOI: 10.1016/S1053-8119(00)91167-4. Google Scholar
C. P. Pawelaet al., Magn. Reson. Med. 59, 1021 (2008), DOI: 10.1002/mrm.21524. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
L. Pessoa and S. Padmala, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 102, 5612 (2005), DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0500566102. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
L. Pessoa and S. Padmala, Cerebral Cortex 17, 691 (2007), DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhk020. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
P. L. Purdonet al., Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 61 (2009), DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.04119.x. Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
C. Rabraitet al., J. Magn. Reson. Imag. 27, 744 (2008), DOI: 10.1002/jmri.21329. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
M. E. Raichleet al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 98, 676 (2001), DOI: 10.1073/pnas.98.2.676. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
R. Salvadoret al., NeuroImage 39, 279 (2008), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.08.018. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
L. Schilbachet al., Conscious. Cogn. 17, 457 (2008), DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2008.03.013. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
J. Schummers, H. Yu and M. Sur, Science 320, 1638 (2008), DOI: 10.1126/science.1156120. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
J. S. Shimonyet al., Acad. Radiol. 16, 578 (2009), DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2009.02.001. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
S. Shinkarevaet al., J. Cogn. Neurosci. 35, (2005). Google Scholar
S. V. Shinkarevaet al., PLoS ONE 3, (2008), DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0001394. Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
A. Shmuel and D. A. Leopold, Human Brain Map 29, 751 (2008), DOI: 10.1002/hbm.20580. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
A. Shmuelet al., NeuroImage 35, 539 (2007), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.12.030. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
K. Shmueliet al., NeuroImage 38, 306 (2007), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.07.037. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
A. C. Silva, A. P. Koretsky and J. H. Duyn, Magn. Reson. Med. 57, 1110 (2007), DOI: 10.1002/mrm.21246. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
R. Sitaram, A. Caria and N. Birbaumer, Neural Networks (2009). Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
M. Songet al., NeuroImage 41, 1168 (2008), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.02.036. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
S. C. Strotheret al., NeuroImage 15, 747 (2002), DOI: 10.1006/nimg.2001.1034. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
J. P. Szaflarskiet al., Epilepsy. Behav. 12, 74 (2008), DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2007.07.015. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
M. E. Thomasonet al., NeuroImage 25, 824 (2005), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.12.026. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
M. E. Thomason, L. C. Foland and G. H. Glover, Human Brain Map 28, 59 (2007), DOI: 10.1002/hbm.20241. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
H. Toyodaet al., NeuroImage 39, 997 (2008), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.09.053. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
C. Triantafyllouet al., NeuroImage 26, 243 (2005), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.01.007. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
R. Turner, NeuroImage 16, 1062 (2002), DOI: 10.1006/nimg.2002.1082. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
L. Q. Uddinet al., J. Neurosci. Met. 169, 249 (2008), DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2007.11.031. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
M. van den Heuvel, R. Mandl and H. H. Pol, PLoS ONE 3, (2008), DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0002001. Google Scholar
W. van der Zwaaget al., NeuroImage 47, 1425 (2009), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.05.015. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
J. L. Vincentet al., Nature 447, 83 (2007), DOI: 10.1038/nature05758. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
J. T. Voyvodic, J. R. Petrella and A. H. Friedman, J. Magn. Reson. Imag. 29, 751 (2009), DOI: 10.1002/jmri.21716. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
N. Weiskopfet al., NeuroImage 24, 1068 (2005), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.10.012. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
N. Weiskopfet al., Magn. Reson. Imag. 25, 989 (2007), DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2007.02.007. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
G. C. Wigginset al., Magn. Reson. Med. 56, 216 (2006), DOI: 10.1002/mrm.20925. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
M. A. Williams, S. Dang and N. G. Kanwisher, Nature. Neurosci. 10, 685 (2007), DOI: 10.1038/nn1900. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
A. M. Winket al., Human Brain Map 29, 791 (2008), DOI: 10.1002/hbm.20593. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
K. J. Worsleyet al., NeuroImage 6, 305 (1997), DOI: 10.1006/nimg.1997.0294. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
D. A. Yablonskiy, J. J. H. Ackerman and M. E. Raichle, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 97, 7603 (2000), DOI: 10.1073/pnas.97.13.7603. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
E. Yacoub, N. Harel and K. Ugurbil, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 105, 10607 (2008), DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0804110105. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
E. Yacoubet al., NeuroImage 37, 1161 (2007), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.05.020. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
Y. H. Yanget al., Magn. Reson. Med. 53, 1207 (2005), DOI: 10.1002/mrm.20431. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
Y. H. Yang, H. Gu and E. A. Stein, Magn. Reson. Med. 52, 1407 (2004), DOI: 10.1002/mrm.20302. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
K. Zhonget al., Magn. Reson. Med. 57, 67 (2007), DOI: 10.1002/mrm.21103. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
Y. Zhouet al., Schizophrenia. Res. 97, 194 (2007), DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2007.05.029. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar
C. Z. Zhuet al., NeuroImage 40, 110 (2008), DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.11.029. Crossref, Medline, ISI, Google Scholar

Vol. 08, No. 03

Metrics

Downloaded 49 times

History

Received 5 September 2009

PDF download

System Upgrade on Mon, Jun 21st, 2021 at 1am (EDT)

SEVEN TOPICS IN FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING

Abstract

References

Recommended