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Spanning Properties of Yao and $𝜃$ -Graphs in the Presence of Constraints

Prosenjit Bose

School of Computer Science, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, K1S 5B6, Canada

E-mail Address: [email protected]

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and

André van Renssen

School of Computer Science, University of Sydney, 2006, NSW, Australia

E-mail Address: [email protected]

Corresponding author.

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https://doi.org/10.1142/S021819591950002XCited by:5

Abstract

We present improved upper bounds on the spanning ratio of constrained $𝜃$ -graphs with at least 6 cones and constrained Yao-graphs with 5 or at least 7 cones. Given a set of points in the plane, a Yao-graph partitions the plane around each vertex into $m$ disjoint cones, each having aperture $𝜃 = 2 π / m$ , and adds an edge to the closest vertex in each cone. Constrained Yao-graphs have the additional property that no edge properly intersects any of the given line segment constraints. Constrained $𝜃$ -graphs are similar to constrained Yao-graphs, but use a different method to determine the closest vertex.

We present tight bounds on the spanning ratio of a large family of constrained $𝜃$ -graphs. We show that constrained $𝜃$ -graphs with $4 k + 2$ ( $k \geq 1$ and integer) cones have a tight spanning ratio of $1 + 2 sin (𝜃 / 2)$ , where $𝜃$ is $2 π / (4 k + 2)$ . We also present improved upper bounds on the spanning ratio of the other families of constrained $𝜃$ -graphs. These bounds match the current upper bounds in the unconstrained setting.

We also show that constrained Yao-graphs with an even number of cones ( $m \geq 8$ ) have spanning ratio at most $1 / (1 - 2 sin (𝜃 / 2))$ and constrained Yao-graphs with an odd number of cones ( $m \geq 5$ ) have spanning ratio at most $1 / (1 - 2 sin (3 𝜃 / 8))$ . As is the case with constrained $𝜃$ -graphs, these bounds match the current upper bounds in the unconstrained setting, which implies that like in the unconstrained setting using more cones can make the spanning ratio worse.

Extended abstracts containing results in this paper appeared in LATIN 2014 and CCCG 2014.

Communicated by J. S. B. Mitchell

Keywords:

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Vol. 29, No. 02

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History

Received 7 July 2016

Revised 1 March 2018

Accepted 7 March 2019

Published: 20 September 2019

Keywords

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Spanning Properties of Yao and 𝜃-Graphs in the Presence of Constraints

Abstract

References

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Spanning Properties of Yao and $𝜃$ -Graphs in the Presence of Constraints