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Ginkgo biloba Leaf Extract (EGb761) Combined with Neuroprotective Agents Reduces the Infarct Volumes of Gerbil Ischemic Brain

Shu-Ying Chung

Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, 433 Taichung, Taiwan, ROC

Department of Nursing, Chung-Tai Institute of Health Science and Technology, 406 Taichung, Taiwan, ROC

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Fu-Chou Cheng

Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 407 Taichung, Taiwan, ROC

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Ming-Shih Lee

Department of Medical Laboratory, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 407 Taichung, Taiwan, ROC

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Jing-Ying Lin

Department of Medical Technology, Chung-Tai Institute of Health Science and Technology, 406 Taichung, Taiwan, ROC

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Ming-Cheng Lin

Department of Medical Technology, Chung-Tai Institute of Health Science and Technology, 406 Taichung, Taiwan, ROC

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, and

Ming-Fu Wang

Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, 433 Taichung, Taiwan, ROC

Correspondence to: Dr. Ming-Fu Wang, Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, 200 Chung-Chi Road, Shalu, Taichung 433, Taiwan. Tel: (+886) 42-632-8001, Fax: (+886) 42-653-0006.

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https://doi.org/10.1142/S0192415X06004302Cited by:25

Abstract

Ginkgo biloba exerts many pharmacological actions. It possesses antioxidant properties, the ability of neurotransmitter/receptor modulation and antiplatelet activation factor. This research is designed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of long-term treatment with EGb761 (a standard form of the extract of Ginkgo biloba leaf) in combination with MgSO₄, FK506, or MK-801 on the infarct volume of male gerbils' brain induced by unilateral middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Thirty-five gerbils fed a standard diet were intragastrically given water or EGb761 (100 mg/kg/day) for one week. Five randomized groups were established: control (n = 7), EGb761 (n = 8), EGb761 + MgSO₄ (n = 7), EGb761 + FK506 (n = 7), and EGb761 + MK-801 (n = 6). The three drug-combination groups were injected with MgSO₄ (90 mg/kg), FK506 (0.5 mg/kg), or MK-801 (1 mg/kg), respectively 30 min before MCAO. Gerbils were anesthetized and craniectomized to expose the right middle cerebral artery (MCA). The right MCA was constricted with an 8-0 suture to produce a permanent ligation for 24 hours. Postmortem infarct volumes were determined by quantitative image analysis of 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC)-stained brain sections. Results showed that the total infarct volumes of the four treated groups either EGb761 alone or in combination with drugs were lower than the control group by 36.1% (EGb761 alone), 40.3% (EGb761 + MgSO₄), 35.3% (EGb761 + FK506), and 56.4% (EGb761 + MK-801), respectively (p < 0.01). The main affected areas of the brain in the four treated groups were significantly focused between 4 and 6 mm from the frontal pole, when compared to the control group (p < 0.01). All animals in the five groups had infarctions in both cortex and subcortex. These results indicate that long-term pre-treatment of EGb761 administered either alone or in combination with drugs significantly effective neuroprotection on infarct volume in gerbil ischemic brains.

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Ginkgo biloba Leaf Extract (EGb761) Combined with Neuroprotective Agents Reduces the Infarct Volumes of Gerbil Ischemic Brain

Abstract

References

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